Exploring in syllabus refers to the 460 textbook (suggested for this class as background)
Chrisman, N.R. 2001. Exploring Geographic Information Systems, Wiley, second edition.

Web Resources:

Positional Accuracy Handbook, 1999, Minnesota Land Management Information Center. local copy.

Contents of Course Readings packet

(on sale at Professional Copy, 43rd & Univ. Way: )

• Clinton, Bill 1994: Coordinating Geographic Data Acquisition and Access: The National Spatial Data Infrastructure. Executive Order 12906, Federal Register 59(71): 17671-17674.
• Federal Geographic Data Committee 1994-97: various handouts on NSDI
• US Geological Survey (National Institute of Standards and Technology), 1992: Spatial Data Transfer Standard (SDTS) Federal Information Processing Standard 173 (Extract of Data Quality section).
• Chrisman, N. R. 1984: Alternatives for Specifying Quality Standards for Digital Cartographic Data, 43-71 in Report 4, National Committee for Digital Cartographic Data Standards, Columbus OH.
• Defense Mapping Agency 1992: Vector Product Format MIL-STD-600006. (esp. p. 42-44; 67-70; Appendix D)
• Federal Geographic Data Committee 1998: Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata. (Version 2.0)
• Chrisman, N. R. 1985: Quality Report for Dane County Soil Survey Digital Files, 78-88 in Report 7,National Committee for Digital Cartographic Data Standards, Columbus OH.
• ESRI 1990: DCW Error Analysis. (prepared for Defense Mapping Agency Digital Chart of the World project)
• Minnesota Land Management Center 1999: Positional Accuracy Handbook
• Chrisman, N.R., Gurda, R. and Beard, M.K. 1987: National Charting Quality Standards, submitted to National Ocean Service, NOAA.
• Chrisman, N.R. and Beard, M.K. 1987: Report on Verifying the Topological Consistency of the NOS Shoreline Data Base, submitted to National Ocean Service, NOAA.

Additional required readings

(These readings are posted on the world-wide web, so to avoid creating a huge readings package, you can read them directly. Print them if you must, but please do not burden the Geography printers...).

US Geological Survey 1997: National Mapping Division Strategic Plan.
Federal Geographic Data Committee 1997: A Strategy for the National Spatial Data Infrastructure.
National Research Council 1995: A Data Foundation for NSDI.
Federal Geographic Data Committee 1997: Guidelines for implementing the National Geospatial Data Clearinghouse.
Content Standards for Spatial Metadata
Washington GIC: adopts FGDC formats.

Web resources:

Tutorial on Clearinghouses
Entry to the Clearinghouses
USGS Node of NSDI
Geographical Data Standards directory
CEN TC 287 (European Geographical Data Standards group)

Additional Readings

Guptill, Stephen and Morrison, Joel (editors) 1995: Elements of Spatial Data Quality, Pergamon.
Goodchild, Michael and Gopal, Sucharita (editors) 1989. Accuracy of Spatial Databases. Taylor & Francis.
Maling, Derek 1989: Measurements from Maps, Pergamon
Wright, John K. 1942: Map Makers are Human. Geographical Review 32, 527-544; reprinted 33-53 in 1966: Human Nature in Geography, Harvard Press.
Tharpa, K. and Burth, R. 1991: Primary and secondary methods of data collection in GIS/LIS, Surveying and Land Information, 51(3) 162-170.
Chrisman, N.R. 1982: A Theory of Error and its Measurement in Digital Data Bases, Proceedings AUTO-CARTO 5, 159-168.
Fitzpatrick-Lins, K. 1978: Accuracy of Selected Land Use and Land Cover Maps in the Greater Atlanta Region, Georgia, Journal of Research U.S. Geological Survey, 6, 169-173.
Chrisman, N.R. 1982: Beyond Accuracy Assessment: Correction of Misclassification, Proceedings ISPRS IV, 123-132.
Chrisman, N. R. 1987: Efficient Digitizing through the Combination of Appropriate Hardware and Software for Error Detection and Editing, International Journal of GIS, 1, 265-277.
Chrisman, N. R. 1989: Error in Categorical Maps: Testing versus Simulation, Proc. AUTO-CARTO 9, 521-529.
Langran, G. and Chrisman, N. R., 1988: A Framework for Temporal Geographic Information, Cartographica, 25(3): 1-14.
Chrisman, N.R. and Lester, M. 1991: A diagnostic test for error in categorical maps, Proc. AUTO-CARTO 10, 330-318.
Chrisman, N.R., 1991: The error component in spatial data, Chapter 12, p. 165-174 in Maguire, D.J., Goodchild M.F. and Rhind, D.W. (editors) Geographical Information Systems: Overview Principles and Applications, Longmans.
Kottman, Cliff, 1992: Some questions and answers about digital geographic information exchange standards, Intergraph Corp.
Chrisman, N.R., 1993: Beyond spatio-temporal data models: A model of GIS as a technology embedded in historical context, Proceedings Auto-Carto 11, 23-32.
Chrisman, N.R., 1994: Beyond the snapshot: Changing the approach to change, error and process, to appear in Proceedings volume of NCGIA I10 [Arrowhead Lake], Golledge and Egenhofer (editors).
Chrisman, N.R., 1994: Metadata required to determine the fitness of spatial data for use in environmental analysis, Chapter 12, p. 177-190 in Michener, Brunt and Stafford (editors) Environmental Information Management and Analysis, Taylor & Francis.
Chrisman, N.R., 1992: Ethics for the practitioners of Geographic Information Systems embedded in 'Real World' constraints of guilds, professions and institutional sponsorship, Proceedings GIS/LIS 92, 1: 129-137.

Examples of Quality Reports

Ventura, S.J., Chrisman, N.R., and Vonderohe, A.P. 1986: Quality Analysis of Digital Line Graph Data, unpublished report, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
Starr, L.E. 1986: letter in reply to above.
Rosenfield, George, 1969: Horizontal Accuracy of Topographic Maps, US Geological Survey Special Projects Office Technical Note 1.
Rosenfield, George, 1969: Map Accuracy Testing for the 1:250,000 Map Series, US Geological Survey Special Projects Office Technical Note 3.

Other Standards

Canadian Council on Surveying and Mapping, 1984: National Standards for the exchange of Digital Topographic Data, Volume 1: Data Classification, Quality evaluation, and EDP file format, Second Draft Report
UK Working Party, 1986: The National Transfer Format, Ordnance Survey
American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 1987: Spatial Accuracy Specifications for Large Scale Topographic Maps, Photogrammetric Eng. and Remote Sensing, 53,958-961.
Committee for Specifications and Standards (American Society of Photogrammetry) 1985: Accuracy Specification for Large Scale Line Maps, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, 51, 195-199.
Rosenfield, George, 1985: Comments on above, unpulished letter.
National Mapping Division (Rupert Southard, chief), 1985: more comments, unpublished letter.
Federal Geodetic Control Com., 1984: Standards and Specifications for Geodetic Control Networks, Government Printing Office.
National Geodetic Survey, 1974: Classification, Standards of Accuracy and General Specifications of Geodetic Control Surveys, reprinted 1980, obsoleted by 1984 revision...
US Environmental Protection Agency 1980: Interim guidelines and specifications for preparing quality assurance project plans.
EPA no date: Summary guidelines for preparing quality assurance project plans.
Stat. Canada, 1991: Statements of data quality and methodology for geographic or cartographic data disseminated by the geography division, Geography Division Directive #2.

Studies of Map Series

Thompson, Morris M. 1979: Maps for America, US Geological Survey, GPO.
U.S. Geological Survey 1986: Large-Scale Mapping Guidelines, Open File Report 86-005.
Harley, J.B. 1968: Error and revision in early Ordnance Survey maps, Cartographic Journal, 5, 115-124.
Harley, J.B. 1975: Ordnance Survey Maps: a descriptive manual, Ordnance Survey
Anderson, James R. (editor) 1977: Land Use and Land Cover Maps and Statistics from Remotely Sensed Data, special issue of Remote Sensing of the Electro-Magnetic Spectrum, 4.